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S. P. Sah , S. K. Upadhyay , P. Pandit , J. B. Lilles

Abstract

The present paper deals with the assessment of the spatial variations of the physical characteristics of soil in a 6 years old Dalbergia sissoo, Roxb. Plantation site (area 2.3 hal of Nepal. This plot has been established with seedlings propagated from the seeds of 84 superior phenotypes selected across the species natural range in Nepal. The purpose of the research plot has been to develop breeding strategies for sissoo in Nepal and to identify and conserve superior genotypes that could be used in the next breeding cycle (second generation). The pH of the top-soil ranged from 4.5 to 5.5 but this difference was not statistically significant. The soil colour was found to be homogenous and it was dark grey-brown in the top-soil and yellowish brown in the sub-soil. In the plot, the soil texture ranged from clayey-loam to clayey in the top.soil, whereas it is silty-loam in the sub-soil. No significant variations among family plots with respect to their soil texture and pH (top.soillayer) were found. D. sissoo growth, at this plot, varied significantly, ranging from 2.5 m to 13 m. The present study concludes that the variations in tree growth in the plots has been due to the water logging in those plots. The water-logged plots have much more clay-content than that in the other plots. Moreover, the plots with sandy soils have normal tree growth in majority of the plots.

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M. Das ¹, S. Basak ², Kartick K. Samanta ², S. K. Chattopadhyay ², S. Das ², P. Pandit ³

Affiliations
1 National Accreditation Board for Testing and Calibration Laboratories (NABL), New Delhi, IN
2 Central Institute for Research on Cotton Technology, Adenwala road, Matunga, Mumbai-400019, IN
3 Department of Fibres and Textile processing Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology (ICT), Matunga, Mumbai – 400 019, IN

Abstract

Silk is the queen of all the fibres and is well known for its fashionable lusture, softer handle and aesthetic value. The fibre is mostly used for producing elegant sarees with intricate designs by the fashion and textile designer expert. Here an attempt has been made to provide comprehensive review covering most of the industrial technical aspects of chemical processing of silk hanks. Variety of silk yarns used in the industry is written. Besides degumming and bleaching process of different quality silk hanks are mentioned in detail. With the addition of it different practical problems arised in the silk degumming also have been discussed. Along with all the mentioned problems probable solutions are also discussed and reported. Dyeing process and dyestuffs used for dyeing of silk hanks are elaborately reported with criticality and special properties of particular dyes. At the end of the paper practical problems of industrial silk dyeing are discussed with probable technical and managerial remedies.

Keywords

Silk, Hanks, Degumming, Bleaching, Dyeing

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